Good day, I know this is years later and I hate to necropost but I ran into this exact same issue today and yours was the only one that popped up in my search. Turns out my file system permissions were all kinds of messed up in my minecraft directory. Here's how I fixed it:
1. Open terminal
2. Navigate to the .minecraft directory using the cd command, it can be helpful to have your file explorer open next to your terminal if you're a more visual person like me
3. On my OS (PopOS) the folders with messed up permissions had a padlock on them
4. Ran the command
sudo chmod a+rwx [fileName]
I also ran
sudo chmod 777 [fileName]
and got the same results with both. However it turns out a lot of my sub folders were messed up too which meant I had to make the changes recursively, which in plain English means all of the sub-folders under the directory. So I ended up running the command
sudo chmod -R 777 [fileName]
which then changed all of the subfolders and files and ended up saving me a LOT of time doing it one at a time like the first two commands do.
5. After fixing permissions in the various subfolders ran the installer with the command
java -jar [latestForgeInstallerNameGoesHereWithoutSquareBrackets]
6. Installed and launched without a hitch!
Hope this helps new Linux users as for most advanced users this breakdown isn't very helpful, I'm still learning a ton myself. Additional note that might clear up future confusion, do not include [ or ] in your commands that I've listed here, I just use [ and ] in my personal notes to denote that I need to put something from the file system in the command. If yours was anything like mine all of the files from /de/oceanlabs/mcp/mcp_config/1.18-20211130.085255/mcp_config-1.18-20211130.085255-mappings.txt all had the wrong permissions.
-Zamorakphat