Hello!
I am unable to load the texture from the IntBuffer.

Sequencing:
I create a texture with a certain size and write it to the IntBuffer. Then I load it into GL using the method: GL11.glTexSubImage2D()
At certain points, the texture size changes...
Then, I recreate the IntBuffer, re-bind the texture and load it again.

static int offset;
static int size;

// offset changes at some point
// after that I call prepareImage()

public static void prepareImage() {
    size = (offset * 2 + 1) << 4;
    buf = BufferUtils.createIntBuffer(size * size);
    TextureUtil.prepareImage(textureId, size, size);
    ... // create a texture again and write to the buffer
    upload(0, 0, size, size);
}

private static void upload(int xOffset, int yOffset, int width, int height) {
    if (RenderSystem.isOnRenderThreadOrInit()) uploadImage(xOffset, yOffset, width, height);
    else RenderSystem.recordRenderCall(() -> uploadImage(xOffset, yOffset, width, height));
}

private static void uploadImage(int xOffset, int yOffset, int width, int height) {
    bindTexture();
    boolean offset = xOffset > 0 || yOffset > 0;
    if (offset) {
        setPosition(xOffset, yOffset);
        GL11.glPixelStorei(GL11.GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, size);
    }
    GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    GL11.glTexSubImage2D(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, xOffset, yOffset, width, height, GL11.GL_RGBA, GL12.GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8_REV, buf); // crash here
    if (offset) {
        setPosition(0, 0);
        GL11.glPixelStorei(GL11.GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
    }
}

private static void setPosition(int x, int y) {
    buf.position(y * size + x);
}

Crash doesn't always happen. Sometimes it works and sometimes it doesn't.
Also, if I load only a part of the texture with an offset, the loaded piece eventually jumps and turns out to be in a different position each time. As if the parameter GL11.GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH changes every time.
A very strange message is displayed in the console:

#
# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
#
#  EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005) at pc=0x000000005f4749e0, pid=7740, tid=0x0000000000001c38
#
# JRE version: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (8.0_131-b11) (build 1.8.0_131-b11)
# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.131-b11 mixed mode windows-amd64 compressed oops)
# Problematic frame:
# C  [nvoglv64.DLL+0xaf49e0]
#
# Failed to write core dump. Minidumps are not enabled by default on client versions of Windows
#
# An error report file with more information is saved as:
# E:\Mod\1.16.5\run\hs_err_pid7740.log
#
# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:
#   http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp
# The crash happened outside the Java Virtual Machine in native code.
# See problematic frame for where to report the bug.
#

This is what is in this file:

#
# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
#
#  EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005) at pc=0x000000005f4749e0, pid=7740, tid=0x0000000000001c38
#
# JRE version: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (8.0_131-b11) (build 1.8.0_131-b11)
# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.131-b11 mixed mode windows-amd64 compressed oops)
# Problematic frame:
# C  [nvoglv64.DLL+0xaf49e0]
#
# Failed to write core dump. Minidumps are not enabled by default on client versions of Windows
#
# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:
#   http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp
# The crash happened outside the Java Virtual Machine in native code.
# See problematic frame for where to report the bug.
#

---------------  T H R E A D  ---------------

Current thread (0x00000000021ec000):  JavaThread "Render thread" [_thread_in_native, id=7224, stack(0x0000000002440000,0x0000000002540000)]

siginfo: ExceptionCode=0xc0000005, reading address 0x000000003d5b1000

Registers:
RAX=0x000000003d5b1020, RBX=0x000000003d5b0c80, RCX=0x000000003d6cbd60, RDX=0x000000003d5b0c80
RSP=0x000000000253d0d8, RBP=0x0000000000000840, RSI=0x0000000000000000, RDI=0x000000003d6cb9c0
R8 =0x0000000000000013, R9 =0x0000000000000000, R10=0x0000000026a7ee94, R11=0x0000000000000002
R12=0x0000000000000000, R13=0x0000000000000000, R14=0x000000000253d330, R15=0x0000000000000000
RIP=0x000000005f4749e0, EFLAGS=0x0000000000010202

Top of Stack: (sp=0x000000000253d0d8)
0x000000000253d0d8:   000000005f474650 000000000000001e
0x000000000253d0e8:   0000000400000000 0000000000000000
0x000000000253d0f8:   0000021000000800 0000000000000001
0x000000000253d108:   000000005f0bbf00 000000003d6cb9c0
0x000000000253d118:   0000000000000210 000000003d5b0c80
0x000000000253d128:   000000005efc2b83 000000001c620000
0x000000000253d138:   0000000000000000 0000000000000000
0x000000000253d148:   000000005efc2953 000000005f48b040
0x000000000253d158:   0000000000000000 000000005efc2b00
0x000000000253d168:   000000005efcc6d4 00000000242f24d0
0x000000000253d178:   000000005ee45c22 000000000253d330
0x000000000253d188:   0000000000000009 000000005efcc680
0x000000000253d198:   000000001c620000 0000000000000001
0x000000000253d1a8:   000000005efcec7d 000000000253d330
0x000000000253d1b8:   0000000000000001 00000000241392e0
0x000000000253d1c8:   0000000000000004 0000005200000052 

Instructions: (pc=0x000000005f4749e0)
0x000000005f4749c0:   11 49 c0 0f 11 41 d0 49 83 e8 01 75 d3 c3 4d 85
0x000000005f4749d0:   c0 74 3a 48 83 c1 20 48 8d 42 20 0f 1f 44 00 00
0x000000005f4749e0:   0f 10 58 e0 48 8d 49 40 0f 10 50 f0 0f 10 08 0f
0x000000005f4749f0:   10 40 10 48 8d 40 40 0f 11 59 a0 0f 11 51 b0 0f 


Register to memory mapping:

RAX=0x000000003d5b1020 is an unknown value
RBX=0x000000003d5b0c80 is an unknown value
RCX=0x000000003d6cbd60 is an unknown value
RDX=0x000000003d5b0c80 is an unknown value
RSP=0x000000000253d0d8 is pointing into the stack for thread: 0x00000000021ec000
RBP=0x0000000000000840 is an unknown value
RSI=0x0000000000000000 is an unknown value
RDI=0x000000003d6cb9c0 is an unknown value
R8 =0x0000000000000013 is an unknown value
R9 =0x0000000000000000 is an unknown value
R10=0x0000000026a7ee94 is an unknown value
R11=0x0000000000000002 is an unknown value
R12=0x0000000000000000 is an unknown value
R13=0x0000000000000000 is an unknown value
R14=0x000000000253d330 is pointing into the stack for thread: 0x00000000021ec000
R15=0x0000000000000000 is an unknown value


Stack: [0x0000000002440000,0x0000000002540000],  sp=0x000000000253d0d8,  free space=1012k
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
C  [nvoglv64.DLL+0xaf49e0]

Java frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code)
J 12933  org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11C.nglTexSubImage2D(IIIIIIIIJ)V (0 bytes) @ 0x0000000003d749bc [0x0000000003d74940+0x7c]
J 22607 C1 ru.liahim.mist.client.shader.FogTexture.uploadImage(IIII)V (99 bytes) @ 0x0000000003c5eb94 [0x0000000003c5e760+0x434]
j  ru.liahim.mist.client.shader.FogTexture.upload(IIII)V+10
j  ru.liahim.mist.client.shader.FogTexture.createFogTexture(Lnet/minecraft/world/World;II)V+74
J 24664 C1 ru.liahim.mist.handlers.Fog.prepareFogParameters(Lcom/mojang/blaze3d/matrix/MatrixStack;Lnet/minecraft/util/math/vector/Matrix4f;F)V (435 bytes) @ 0x0000000005ff1404 [0x0000000005ff0860+0xba4]
J 24343 C1 ru.liahim.mist.handlers.Fog.prepare(Lcom/mojang/blaze3d/matrix/MatrixStack;Lnet/minecraft/util/math/vector/Matrix4f;F)V (43 bytes) @ 0x0000000005c6c2bc [0x0000000005c6bba0+0x71c]
J 24241 C2 net.minecraft.client.renderer.WorldRenderer.renderLevel(Lcom/mojang/blaze3d/matrix/MatrixStack;FJZLnet/minecraft/client/renderer/ActiveRenderInfo;Lnet/minecraft/client/renderer/GameRenderer;Lnet/minecraft/client/renderer/LightTexture;Lnet/minecraft/util/math/vector/Matrix4f;)V (2872 bytes) @ 0x0000000006259f84 [0x0000000006259f20+0x64]
J 24416 C1 net.minecraft.client.renderer.GameRenderer.renderLevel(FJLcom/mojang/blaze3d/matrix/MatrixStack;)V (614 bytes) @ 0x000000000630762c [0x0000000006302040+0x55ec]
J 13341 C1 net.minecraft.client.renderer.GameRenderer.render(FJZ)V (856 bytes) @ 0x000000000495d52c [0x000000000495bfa0+0x158c]
J 25014 C2 net.minecraft.client.Minecraft.runTick(Z)V (994 bytes) @ 0x000000000658c314 [0x000000000658aa60+0x18b4]
j  net.minecraft.client.Minecraft.run()V+68
j  net.minecraft.client.main.Main.main([Ljava/lang/String;)V+1379
v  ~StubRoutines::call_stub
j  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Ljava/lang/reflect/Method;Ljava/lang/Object;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;+0
j  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Ljava/lang/Object;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;+100
J 1863 C1 sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Ljava/lang/Object;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object; (10 bytes) @ 0x0000000002e25c0c [0x0000000002e25b00+0x10c]
J 1862 C1 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Ljava/lang/Object;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object; (62 bytes) @ 0x0000000002e26874 [0x0000000002e26480+0x3f4]
j  net.minecraftforge.userdev.FMLUserdevClientLaunchProvider.lambda$launchService$0(Lcpw/mods/modlauncher/api/ITransformingClassLoader;[Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/Void;+65
j  net.minecraftforge.userdev.FMLUserdevClientLaunchProvider$$Lambda$453.call()Ljava/lang/Object;+12
j  cpw.mods.modlauncher.LaunchServiceHandlerDecorator.launch([Ljava/lang/String;Lcpw/mods/modlauncher/api/ITransformingClassLoader;)V+11
j  cpw.mods.modlauncher.LaunchServiceHandler.launch(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;Lcpw/mods/modlauncher/TransformingClassLoader;Lcpw/mods/modlauncher/LaunchPluginHandler;)V+57
j  cpw.mods.modlauncher.LaunchServiceHandler.launch(Lcpw/mods/modlauncher/ArgumentHandler;Lcpw/mods/modlauncher/TransformingClassLoader;Lcpw/mods/modlauncher/LaunchPluginHandler;)V+19
j  cpw.mods.modlauncher.Launcher.run([Ljava/lang/String;)V+116
j  cpw.mods.modlauncher.Launcher.main([Ljava/lang/String;)V+37
j  net.minecraftforge.userdev.LaunchTesting.main([Ljava/lang/String;)V+422
v  ~StubRoutines::call_stub

 

Fixed!

On version 1.16.5, before loading the image, you must reset the following parameters:

GlStateManager._pixelStore(GL11.GL_UNPACK_SKIP_PIXELS, 0);
GlStateManager._pixelStore(GL11.GL_UNPACK_SKIP_ROWS, 0);