Alright. This might be an excellent use for Capabilties.
You can create one single Capability (CapabilityPlayerStorage? I should stop naming stuff).
After that you can give ur special item, your special block/chest/furnace the capability (for block it will only work if it is a tileentity I think) the Capability and store the information inside of it.
I think for the thing with the bed you will need some kind of worldsaveddata, since you cant store information directly inside the vanilla bed