I'm trying to make a custom enchant reduce damage from a custom mob I created. From looking at the vanilla protection enchants, it seems that they all work based on damage types. Does this mean I would have to create a new damage type for my mob? Or is there a way to specify in the getDamageProtection that the damage from the mob type specified should apply the reduction? 

It's not clear from your question what you are trying to do?

But maybe you want to check for the damage source being EntityDamageSource or IndirectEntityDamageSource?

Both contain a reference to the Entity causing the damage.

I'm sorry, but I just cannot figure out how to have it search for such a thing. Should I use an if statement? Is there a way to call the EntityDamageSource/IndirectEntityDamageSource? 

To clarify, I want my enchantment to only reduce damage that is taken from a specific entity. 

What should I put in here to achieve this goal?

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@Override public int getDamageProtection(int p_44680_, DamageSource p_44681_) {

return super.getDamageProtection(p_44680_, p_44681_); }

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Side question, is it possible to configure what % of damage gets reduced? or is that it's own tree of classes and separate functions?

We don't write your mod for you. Nor do we teach java or basic logic.

You also need to learn how to use your IDE by the sounds of it?

 

Here is some untested pseudo code that checks for indirect (e.g. projectile/arrow) damage from skeletons

@Override 
public int getDamageProtection(int level, DamageSource source) {
    if (source.isBypassInvul()) return 0;

    if (source instanceof IndirectEntityDamageSource indirect
        && indirect.getEntity() instanceof Skeleton) {
        return calculateProtection();
    }
    return 0;
}

 

Damage protection is a flat addition calculation.

I would say look at the vanilla code for the logic, but you don't seem to know how to do that?